Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41756780›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026

Host-pathogen interaction in community-acquired pneumonia: a focus on the immune response.

Antonio Maria Ferriero, Raffaella Di Lella, Chiara Farroni, Alessandra Aiello, Antonino Giarratano, Matilde Todaro, Maria Grazia Bocci, Emanuele Nicastri, Delia Goletti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Antonio Maria Ferriero *Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Raffaella Di Lella *Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Chiara FarroniTranslational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Alessandra AielloTranslational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Antonino GiarratanoDepartment of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Matilde TodaroDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Maria Grazia BocciAnesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Emanuele NicastriClinical Division of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Delia GolettiTranslational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages. Various pathogens can cause this condition, and growing antibiotic resistance makes treatment more difficult while raising the risk of severe outcomes. Despite substantial advances in diagnostics, antimicrobial therapy, and supportive care, CAP continues to represent a significant clinical and public health challenge. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of CAP, summarizing key aspects of its epidemiology, pathogen frequency, and recent progress in diagnostic tools and biomarkers. We also describe the innate and adaptive immune responses involved in CAP, with a particular focus on pneumonia caused by

Indexed as

Community-Acquired InfectionsCommunity-Acquired PneumoniaHost-Pathogen InteractionsPneumonia, BacterialPneumonia, ViralAdaptive ImmunityHumansImmunity, InnateSARS-CoV-2Streptococcus pneumoniaeadaptive immunitybacterial pneumoniaCAPcommunity-acquired pneumoniainnate immunityviral pneumonia

Identifiers

PMID41756780
PMCPMC12932565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.