ArticlePulmonary circulation2026
Contrast Reflux Into IVC in Acute Pulmonary Embolism Predicts Clinical Deterioration Risk.
Nicholas A Leverone, Alisse G Singer, Amanda A Lopez, Charlotte Ellberg, Patrick J Henry, Alisha A Kabadi, Alyssa A Self, Danielle M Leverone, Andrew Yen, Lewis Hahn and 7 more
Abstract read
In one paragraphArticle in Pulmonary circulation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
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4 · The recordCorrections and comments
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
17 authors.
Nicholas A LeveroneDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7997-1267 Alisse G SingerDepartment of Medicine University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Amanda A LopezDepartment of Medicine University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Charlotte EllbergDepartment of Medicine University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Patrick J HenryDepartment of Medicine University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Alisha A KabadiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Alyssa A SelfDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Danielle M LeveroneDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Andrew YenDepartment of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Lewis HahnDepartment of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Jennifer KarunamuniDepartment of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
Elizabeth WeiheDepartment of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.
W Cameron McGuireDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-8361 Demosthenes G PapamatheakisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8956-2357 Timothy A MorrisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-9193 Timothy M FernandesDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology University of California San Diego Health San Diego California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9319-4200 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Reflux of contrast medium into the inferior vena cava (IVC) on computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). This study's aim was to determine if reflux into the IVC correlates with objective scores of clinical risk in acute PE. Patient-level data were collected for adults diagnosed with acute PE by CTPA at University of California, San Diego Health between January 1 and June 30, 2023. Contrast reflux into the IVC was graded on a 4-point scale. The primary endpoint was the correlation between reflux severity and risk for clinical deterioration as measured by the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). The secondary endpoint was interobserver reliability grading reflux amongst 16 reviewers. Fifty-six subjects with acute PE were included. Extent of contrast reflux into the IVC correlated with NEWS (
Indexed as
computed tomography pulmonary angiograminterobserver reliabilityNational Early Warning Scoreprognosticationvenous thromboembolism
Identifiers
PMID41756746
PMCPMC12933404
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