Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41756632›Full record

Trial reportFrontiers in nutrition2026

Oral magnesium supplementation improves glycemic control in older Chinese adults with pre-diabetes and hypomagnesemia: a randomized controlled trial.

Jingxin Yang, Huidi Zhang, Yuting Li, Wenxuan Wu, Min Pan, Jingjing Wang, Guoxun Li, Ying Wu, Chunlei Guo, Lichen Yang and 2 more

Abstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jingxin YangNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Huidi ZhangNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Yuting LiNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Wenxuan WuNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Min PanYuetan Community Health Center, Fuxing Hospital Capital Medical University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
Jingjing WangDepartment of Nutrition, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.
Guoxun LiDepartment of Nutrition, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.
Ying WuGuangwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
Chunlei GuoGuangwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lichen YangNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Jing DingYuetan Community Health Center, Fuxing Hospital Capital Medical University of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
Gangqiang DingNHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Pre-diabetes significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Magnesium deficiency is common and may contribute to dysglycemia. However, evidence for the efficacy of magnesium supplementation in pre-diabetes, especially in older adults with hypomagnesemia, remains limited and inconclusive. This exploratory trial aimed to evaluate the effects of oral magnesium supplementation on glycemic parameters and conducted exploratory metabolomic profiling in this population. Methods: In this 4-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 71 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 68.7 ± 6.0 years) with pre-diabetes (fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L and/or HbA1c 5.7%-6.5%) and hypomagnesemia (plasma magnesium ≤ 0.80 mmol/L) were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either magnesium oxide (360 mg elemental Mg/day) or an identical placebo once daily. The primary outcome was the change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Secondary outcomes included changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, glycated albumin, and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6). Exploratory non-targeted metabolomic profiling was performed. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values, following the intention-to-treat principle. Results: Sixty-five participants completed the trial. At baseline, the magnesium group had significantly higher insulin and HOMA-IR levels (both Conclusion: In older adults with pre-diabetes and hypomagnesemia, magnesium supplementation effectively corrected magnesium deficiency and reduced FPG, but did not improve other glycemic indices including HbA1c or insulin resistance. The clinical significance of the isolated FPG reduction remains uncertain. The metabolomic findings require validation. Larger, longer-term trials are needed to determine if magnesium supplementation can prevent diabetes in this population. Clinical trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100047666.

Indexed as

magnesium deficiencymagnesium supplementolder Chinese adultspre-diabetesRCT

Identifiers

PMID41756632
PMCPMC12932175

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.