Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41756578›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026

Cerebral iron deposition in the Globus pallidus and Substantia nigra of aging dogs and cats presenting as bilateral hypointensity on T2w and iron-sensitive MRI sequences (SWI, T2*).

Carolin Fischer, Sebastian Schaub, Svenja Susanne Erika Körber, Monika Isabel Hoppe, Kathrin Büttner, Martin Jürgen Schmidt

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Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Carolin FischerDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Sebastian SchaubDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Svenja Susanne Erika KörberDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Monika Isabel HoppeDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Kathrin BüttnerDepartment for Biomathematics and Data Processing, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Martin Jürgen SchmidtDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Small Animals, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Clinical Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: With aging, dysregulation of brain iron homeostasis can lead to cerebral iron accumulation, a process associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and recognized as an imaging marker in humans. Similarly, MRI-detected cerebral iron accumulation has been reported in aging beagles, suggesting parallels with human findings. Methods: Single-center, observational study that retrospectively and prospectively evaluated 236 client-owned animals (198 dogs, 38 cats) undergoing brain MRI between 2014 and 2024. Patients represented various breeds and ages; scans were performed at different field strengths, 1-3 Tesla (T), with each animal examined once at a single field strength. MRIs were evaluated for bilateral hypointensities in T2-weighted (T2w) and iron-sensitive imaging (SWI, T2*) in the Globus pallidus and Substantia nigra. In selected cases, iron deposition was validated via post-mortem iron-sensitive Perl's staining of fixed brain tissues. Results: Logistic regression analysis identified age as a significant predictor of improved visibility (OR = 1.21, Discussion: In summary, age and MRI field strength significantly affect the visibility of cerebral iron deposits in dogs, whereas feline results require further investigation due to the limited sample size. SWI and T2* enhance iron detection compared to T2w, particularly in canines.

Indexed as

accumulationbrainironMRIneurodegenerative

Identifiers

PMID41756578
PMCPMC12933945

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