ArticleJACS Au2026
Clock-Turning Control of P450 TxtE Regioselectivity Enables Precise Site Functionalization of Aromatic Compounds.
Article in JACS Au, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aromatic nitration is a key transformation in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, functional materials, and fine chemicals, yet selective functionalization of electronically deactivated sites remains a formidable challenge. The C6 position of l-tryptophan is particularly inert due to the high conjugation and low electron density of the indole ring, and no chemical or enzymatic system has achieved efficient single-step nitration at this site. Here we report a computer-aided regioselective design platform that precisely reprograms cytochrome P450 TxtE to enable C6-selective nitration. Guided by MD simulations, MM/PBSA energy decomposition, and QM/MM calculations, we identified key residues that control substrate orientation and engineered the H176F/A248F double mutant, which achieves >99% C6 selectivity with the highest total turnover number among all variants. High-resolution crystallographic analysis (1.53 Å) combined with QM/MM calculations revealed that, in the H176FA248F, steric repacking of the active pocket and substrate flipping lower the C6 nitration barrier from 54.3 kcal·mol
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