Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41755578›Full record

ArticleActas espanolas de psiquiatria2026

Development and Validation of the Resilience in Eating Disorders Scale (RED-5).

Carlota Las-Hayas, Odin Hjemdal, Pedro-José Muñoz, Jesús-Ángel Padierna Acero, Luis Beato-Fernandez, Andrés Gómez-Del-Barrio, Diana M Pérez-Valencia, Amaia Pikatza-Huerga, Aitor Almeida

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Actas espanolas de psiquiatria, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Carlota Las-HayasDeustoMED, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Odin HjemdalDepartment of Psychology, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway.
Pedro-José MuñozPsychiatry Service, Ortuella Mental Health Center, 48530 Bizkaia, Spain.
Jesús-Ángel Padierna AceroPsychiatry Service, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, 48960 Bizkaia, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 48960 Bizkaia, Spain.
Luis Beato-FernandezEating Disorders Unit, General Hospital of Ciudad Real, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Andrés Gómez-Del-BarrioValdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Marqués Valdecilla, 39002 Cantabria, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Diana M Pérez-ValenciaDeustoMED, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Amaia Pikatza-HuergaRed de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; DeustoTech, Faculty of Engineering, University of Deusto, 48007 Bizkaia, Spain.
Aitor AlmeidaRed de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; DeustoTech, Faculty of Engineering, University of Deusto, 48007 Bizkaia, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA resilience scale tailored for individuals with eating disorders (EDs) could significantly enhance our understanding and treatment of EDs. Therefore, we developed and psychometrically evaluated a new Resilience in Eating Disorders scale (RED) following COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines.

methodInformed by prior qualitative interviews, the new RED scale underwent an initial pilot test among patients with EDs (n = 52) and field tests among patients with EDs (n = 169), ED-recovered individuals (n = 61), and a normative sample of the general population (n = 349), all aged between 27.9 and 29.8 years and residing in Spain. In this study, the participants completed the RED scale, Resilience Scale-25 (RS-25), Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), World Health Organisation Quality of Life Scale - Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were collected at baseline and after 1 year. Alongside machine learning techniques, exploratory and confirmatory analyses were employed to evaluate the reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, known-groups validity, predictive validity and responsiveness of the RED scale.

resultsThe original 52-item version of the RED scale was refined to 44 items following the pilot phase, and ultimately reduced to a 5-item version (RED-5) after field testing and psychometric evaluation. The RED-5 demonstrated strong psychometric properties, with excellent model fit indices (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.03, and Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.99) and acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.71). Additionally, the RED-5 scale effectively predicted quality of life, anxiety, depression, and ED symptomatology over a 1-year period.

conclusionsThe RED-5 is a concise, psychometrically robust scale specifically developed to assess resilience in patients with EDs. It significantly predicts ED symptoms and quality-of-life outcomes, making it a valuable tool for both clinical practice and research. The RED-5 allows for quick administration and easy scoring. It provides mental health professionals with a tool to guide resilience-informed assessment and more personalized treatment planning.

Indexed as

Feeding and Eating DisordersResilience, PsychologicalAdultFemaleHumansMalePsychometricsReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID41755578
PMCPMC12946729

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.