Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41755336›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

PD Koch Complementary Fractal UHF Antenna Based on AMC Metasurface.

Haonan Zhang, Dapeng Han, Minghan Ke, Lihao Luo, Zhenhao Huang, Guozhi Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Haonan ZhangHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Dapeng HanHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Minghan KeHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Lihao LuoHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
Zhenhao HuangHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.ORCID 0009-0005-6271-0010
Guozhi ZhangHubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To meet the high-sensitivity requirement of ultra-high-frequency (UHF) sensors for electromagnetic waves radiated by partial discharge (PD) in power equipment of substations, this paper proposes a Koch complementary fractal UHF antenna based on the artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) metasurface. First, based on the Iterated Function System (IFS), a finite element model of the UHF Koch fractal antenna is constructed via affine transformation. Then, leveraging the in-phase reflection characteristic of the metasurface, an AMC metasurface for gain enhancement of the Koch fractal antenna is designed, and a multi-dimensional parameter joint optimization method is adopted to obtain the optimal structural parameter set of the Koch fractal antenna loaded with the AMC metasurface. Finally, experimental tests and analyses are carried out on the Koch complementary fractal UHF antenna. The results show that the antenna loaded with the AMC metasurface achieves a better voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and improved gain in both low and high frequency bands: the average gain increases by 35.19% in the frequency range of 0.3 GHz to 1.5 GHz, and the peak gain reaches approximately 11.5 dB with an enhancement of 120%.

Indexed as

Koch antennametasurface manipulationpartial dischargepower equipmentultra high frequency

Identifiers

PMID41755336
PMCPMC12944615

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.