Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41755224›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

On Demand Secure Scalable Video Streaming for Both Human and Machine Applications.

Alaa Zain, Yibo Fan, Jinjia Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alaa ZainFaculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Informatics, Koganei Campus, Hosei University, Tokyo 102-8160, Japan.
Yibo FanFudan University, Shanghai 200437, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2523-8261
Jinjia ZhouFaculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Informatics, Koganei Campus, Hosei University, Tokyo 102-8160, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5078-0522

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Scalable video coding plays an essential role in supporting heterogeneous devices, network conditions, and application requirements in modern video streaming systems. However, most existing scalable coding approaches primarily optimize human perceptual quality and provide limited support for data privacy, as well as for machine analyses and the integration of heterogeneous sensor data. This limitation motivated the development of adaptive scalable video coding frameworks. The proposed approach is designed to serve both human viewers and automated analysis systems while ensuring high security and compression efficiency. The method adaptively encrypts selected layers during transmission to protect sensitive content without degrading decoding or analysis performance. Experimental evaluations on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves superior rate distortion efficiency and reconstruction quality, while also improving machine analysis accuracy compared to existing traditional and learning-based codes. In video surveillance scenarios, where the base layer is preserved for analysis, the proposed scalable human machine coding (SHMC) method outperforms scalable extensions of H.265/High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC), reducing the average bit-per-pixel (bpp) by 26.38%, 30.76%, and 60.29% at equivalent mean Average Precision (mAP), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), and Multi-Scale Structural Similarity (MS-SSIM) levels. These results confirm the effectiveness of integrating scalable video coding with intelligent encryption for secure and efficient video transmission.

Indexed as

Computer SecurityData CompressionVideo RecordingAlgorithmsHumansImage Processing, Computer-Assisteddeep video codingencrypted video streamingscalable video codingscalable video streamingvideo coding for machines

Identifiers

PMID41755224
PMCPMC12944641

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.