Observational studyNutrients2026
Nutritional Risk in Older Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Sex-Specific Patterns and Clinical Implications of the Prognostic Nutritional Index.
Observational study in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond Disease Activity: Fatigue and Health-Related Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Remission and Low Disease Activity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesNutritional risk is increasingly recognized as a relevant but under-assessed dimension of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly in older adults managed in outpatient settings. Simple nutritional indices such as the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) may help identify individuals at increased nutritional risk beyond conventional disease activity measures. This study aimed to characterize nutritional risk in older adults with RA using the Prognostic Nutritional Index, explore sex-specific patterns, and identify clinical associations of PNI variability, with complementary analyses focusing on high nutritional risk.
methodsWe conducted an observational cross-sectional study including 275 consecutive adults aged ≥50 years with RA attending routine follow-up at a tertiary rheumatology clinic. Nutritional risk was assessed using the PNI, calculated from serum albumin and total lymphocyte count, and analyzed primarily as a continuous variable and secondarily using established cut-off values. Clinical characteristics, inflammatory markers, body mass index, laboratory parameters, and patient-reported outcomes were recorded. Analyses were stratified by sex. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify factors associated with PNI variability, and complementary logistic regression analyses were performed to explore factors independently associated with high nutritional risk (PNI < 40).
resultsMore than half of the cohort (53.3%) exhibited PNI values compatible with nutritional risk. Men showed lower PNI values than women, with a markedly greater prevalence of high nutritional risk (18.0% vs. 5.0%,
conclusionsNutritional risk assessed by the PNI is common among older adults with RA. Although sex does not independently determine PNI as a continuous measure, male sex is associated with severe nutritional risk. The PNI captures a clinically relevant dimension of disease burden that extends beyond joint inflammation and traditional activity indices, supporting its use as a pragmatic nutritional screening tool in routine rheumatology practice.
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