Development of MWCNTs/MXene/PVA Hydrogel Electrochemical Sensor for Multiplex Detection of Wound Infection Biomarkers.

Qihang Li, Jia Han, Ting Xue, Yuyu Bu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Qihang LiNational Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.

Jia HanNational Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.

Ting XueNational Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.

Yuyu BuNational Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5601-2877

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To address the clinical urgency of simultaneously monitoring multiple biomarkers in chronic wound infections, this study presents the innovative development of an electrochemical sensor based on a MWCNTs/MXene/PVA composite hydrogel. A dual-channel conductive network is constructed via the electrostatic self-assembly of the two-dimensional material MXene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). This strategy not only enhances the charge transfer efficiency but also effectively suppresses the aggregation of MWCNTs and exposes the electrocatalytic active sites. Additionally, the thermal annealing process is incorporated to facilitate the ordered arrangement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocrystalline domains, strengthening the hydrogen bond-mediated interfacial adhesion and resolving the issues of hydrogel swelling and delamination. The detection limit (LOD) of the optimized sensor (MWCNTs

Indexed as

chronic wound infectioncomposite hydrogelelectrochemical sensormultiplex detection

Identifiers

PMID41753864

DOI10.3390/mi17020209

PMCPMC12943359

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.