Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41752359›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Microextraction Technologies as Exposomic Sensors for On-Site Environmental Air Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds: A Review of Commercially Available Technologies.

Stefano Dugheri, Nicola Mucci, Ilaria Rapi, Giovanni Cappelli, Ettore Guerriero, Fabio Cioni, Domenico Cipriano, Ivana Stanimirova, Veronica Traversini, Antonio Baldassarre and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Stefano DugheriDepartment of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, via del Casale di San Pio V 44, 00165 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3078-7188
Nicola MucciDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0579-1035
Ilaria RapiDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0009-0001-2412-5882
Giovanni CappelliDivision of Occupational Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5623-1671
Ettore GuerrieroInstitute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (IIA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d n. 9, 00010 Montelibretti, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4199-418X
Fabio CioniRegional Agency for Environmental Protection of Tuscany, via del Ponte alle Mosse 211, 50144 Florence, Italy.
Domenico CiprianoRSE SpA-Energy System Research, 20134 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2693-8633
Ivana StanimirovaInstitute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
Veronica TraversiniDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Antonio BaldassarreDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6124-3570
Riccardo GoriDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8310-5240

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microextraction Technologies (METs) have emerged as pivotal exposomic sensors for the on-site monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in ambient air. By integrating sampling and sample preparation into a single step, METs provide solvent-free, miniaturized, and field-deployable solutions that align with the principles of green analytical chemistry. This review critically examines fourteen commercially available METs, selected for their demonstrated analytical performance, commercial accessibility, and validation in real-world environments. These devices represent the current state of practice in exposomics, enabling both short-term hotspot detection and long-term exposure assessment. Particular attention is given to their compatibility with transportable and portable detection platforms, including vehicle-mounted and hand-held gas chromatography/mass spectrometry systems, where METs function as front-end concentrators that enhance sensitivity and spatial resolution. This review further discusses emerging applications in wearable formats and unmanned aerial vehicles, underscoring the role of METs in bridging laboratory-grade precision with field-based exposome research. By situating METs within the broader exposomic workflow of sampling, detection, and interpretation, this work identifies current technological gaps and outlines priorities for advancing robust, scalable, and environmentally sustainable exposure assessment strategies.

Indexed as

air monitoringexposomicsMicroextraction Technologiesvolatile organic compounds

Identifiers

PMID41752359
PMCPMC12943027

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.