ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2026
Developing an Index to Measure Structural Racism: Methodological Process, Challenges, and Considerations.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Access to valid and reliable measures of structural racism is essential for addressing health inequities, yet few validated ecological-level indices exist for assessing structural racism affecting Black and Hispanic populations in the United States. Guided by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities framework, our interdisciplinary team undertook the development of an ecological-level structural racism index. In the process, we encountered substantive methodological and data-related challenges that warrant explicit documentation. This paper describes the methodological process used to identify and select indicators of structural racism, including a modified Delphi consensus process involving social epidemiologists, health inequality researchers, community members, economic inequality specialists, and psychometricians. We outline a five-step approach for extracting and harmonizing geographic-level data from publicly available sources and discuss key challenges encountered, including limited availability of granular geographic data, insufficient data documentation guidelines, inconsistent reporting frequencies, and difficulties in adapting publicly available datasets for structural racism measurement. Rather than presenting a finalized index, this paper serves as a methodological guide and cautionary account for researchers seeking to develop ecological measures of structural racism, emphasizing the importance of transparency, adaptability, and rigorous data selection in advancing public health equity research.
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