ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Integrated Immune and Molecular Profiling Identifies Prognostic Subgroups and Therapeutic Targets in Chondrosarcoma.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (ChS) is a rare bone malignancy with heterogeneous behavior, the molecular and immunological background of which remains unknown. No effective systemic treatment for advanced ChS patients is available. The aim of this study was to develop an immune-mutational classification of ChS and to search for novel prognostic factors and molecular targets. We performed an immunological-molecular profiling of 99 patients diagnosed with primary ChS G1-G3 and dedifferentiated ChS. An expression of 20 immune response markers was assessed by IHC and targeted the next-generation sequencing of 409 genes was performed. Immunological and mutational profiles were correlated with overall survival using a multivariate LASSO-penalized Cox model. Three immunophenotypes were described-"cold" (IMP1), "hot" (IMP2), and "intermediate" (IMP3). IMP1 was the most prevalent in G1 cases, while IMP2 was the most prevalent in dedifferentiated cases.
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