Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41752042›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Emerging Neurobiological and Therapeutic Insights into Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review.

Anamaria Oatu, Tudor-Florentin Capatina, Iulia-Cristina Mandras, Antonia-Lucia Comsa, Simona Trifu, Arina-Cipriana Pietreanu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anamaria OatuDepartment of Psychiatry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Tudor-Florentin CapatinaDepartment of Psychiatry, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania.
Iulia-Cristina MandrasDepartment of Psychiatry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Antonia-Lucia ComsaDepartment of Psychiatry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Simona TrifuDepartment of Neurosciences, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-9340-4669
Arina-Cipriana PietreanuDoctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic psychiatric disorder with significant global impact, characterized by persistent positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms that are not fully addressed by current treatments. This review aims to synthesize established theories and advancing mechanistic concepts and also critically compare the latest international treatment guidelines. Recent evidence expands beyond the traditional dopamine hypothesis to include glutamatergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic dysfunctions, as well as emerging mechanisms such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, iron dysregulation, and gut-brain interactions. A review of major international guidelines (APA, NICE, CINP, WFSBP, and others) confirms consensus on the use of second-generation antipsychotics as first-line therapy and the early introduction of clozapine for treatment-resistant cases. All guidelines emphasize the essential role of integrated psychosocial interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis, family psychoeducation, and supported employment. Differences remain regarding the prioritization of precision medicine, pharmacogenomics, and digital health innovations. Prognosis varies widely but improves with early intervention, sustained treatment adherence, and comprehensive physical health monitoring. Overall, schizophrenia care is evolving toward a precision-based, recovery-oriented model that integrates biological, psychological, and social strategies to improve long-term outcomes and quality of life.

Indexed as

SchizophreniaAntipsychotic AgentsHumansPrecision MedicineQuality of LifeAntipsychotic Agentsintegrated and recovery-oriented schizophrenia caremodern treatment guidelines for schizophrenianegative and cognitive symptoms of schizophreniaprecision psychiatry and schizophrenia treatmentschizophrenia neurobiology and pathophysiology

Identifiers

PMID41752042
PMCPMC12940323

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.