Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41751905›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Integrative Vitamin D-Inflammatory-Coagulation Biomarker Index Predicts COVID-19 Severity: Development and Validation of the Vitamin D Inflammatory Burden Score (VDIBS).

Joško Osredkar, Uroš Godnov, Darko Siuka

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Joško OsredkarInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška c 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0002-1839-2415
Uroš GodnovNatural Science and Information Technologies, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Primorska, Gljagoljaška ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0003-4447-3435
Darko SiukaDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška c 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Funding

the scientific research program (the Slovenian Research Agency) no. P3-0124 and J3-1756
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and is associated with increased severity. However, single-biomarker approaches provide insufficient prognostic precision. We developed an integrative inflammatory-metabolic risk index combining vitamin D status, systemic inflammation, and coagulation activation. This is a prospective cohort study of 512 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (September 2022-December 2023) with serum 25(OH)D3 measurement at admission. The primary analysis (

Indexed as

COVID-19InflammationVitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyBiomarkersBlood CoagulationC-Reactive ProteinFemaleFerritinsFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation ProductsHumansInterleukin-6MalePrognosisProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2BiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinFerritinsFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Productsfibrin fragment DInterleukin-6Vitamin Dbiomarker integrationCOVID-19 severityimmunometabolismrisk stratificationvitamin D deficiency

Identifiers

PMID41751905
PMCPMC12940731

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.