Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41751815›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

High Proportions of GAP43 Positivity in the Cerebrospinal Fluids of Patients with Sporadic and Certain Types of Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Diseases by Western Blot Analysis.

Xiao-Xi Jia, Chao Hu, Jia-Feng Zeng, Bing Xu, Ju-Zheng Li, Ru-Han A, Dong-Lin Liang, Run-Dong Cao, Wei Zhou, Li-Ping Gao and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Xiao-Xi JiaNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Chao HuNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Jia-Feng ZengNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Bing XuNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Ju-Zheng LiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Ru-Han ANational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Dong-Lin LiangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Run-Dong CaoNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Wei ZhouNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Li-Ping GaoNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7022-0418
Qi ShiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Cao ChenNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5193-9283
Xiao-Ping DongNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1566-8447

Funding

SKLID Development Grants 2019SKLID401SKLID Development Grants 2019SKLID603SKLID Development Grants 2021SKLID503SKLID Development Grants 2021SKLID504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP43) is a neuronal protein essential for synaptic function and plasticity, and its reduction has been observed in brains of prion diseases (PrDs) and rodent models. However, its status in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with PrDs remains unclear. CSF samples from 140 PrD cases, including 48 sCJD, 35 T188K-gCJD, 22 E200K-gCJD, 35 D178N-FFI, and 36 non-PrD controls, were analyzed for GAP43 by Western blot. The results were compared with 14-3-3 and calmodulin (CaM) detected by WB, and associated with clinical features. GAP43 positivity was significantly higher in sCJD (70.83%), T188K-gCJD (65.71%), and E200K-gCJD (72.73%) than in non-PrD controls (27.78%). The sensitivity and specificity of GAP43 (around 70-75%) were comparable to 14-3-3 and CaM, though inferior to RT-QuIC and total tau reported elsewhere. CSF GAP43 positivity correlated with sCJD-associated MRI changes, periodic sharp-wave complexes (PSWC) on EEG, and with 14-3-3 and CaM positivity. Our data here indicate the feasibility of usage of GAP43 by Western blot analysis as a diagnostic, at least as a screening, biomarker for sCJD and certain types of gPrDs.

Indexed as

Creutzfeldt-Jakob SyndromeGAP-43 Protein14-3-3 ProteinsAdultAgedBiomarkersBlotting, WesternCalmodulinFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Agedtau Proteins14-3-3 ProteinsBiomarkersCalmodulinGAP-43 Proteintau ProteinsbiomarkerCJDCSFGAP43prion diseasewestern blot

Identifiers

PMID41751815
PMCPMC12940832

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.