ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles: From Biogenesis, Isolation and Molecular Characterization to Addressing Translational Gaps and Regulatory Barriers.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Probiotics and Extracellular Vesicles as Redox Modulators in Wound Healing: From Microbial Therapeutics to Engineered Nanotherapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Probiotic Extracellular Vesicles: Mechanisms of Immune Modulation and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Exercise‑induced exosomal noncoding RNAs: Molecular signaling cascades in bone remodeling and translational applications in sports‑related bone injuries (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- miR-27b-5p targets RAB27A to regulate exosome secretion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Colostrum Extracellular Vesicle Isolation, Characterization, and Function.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- From Clinical Practice to Basic Science, in Search for the Ideal Implantable Bioreactor: A Review on MFAT (Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue-LipogemsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor-adapted regulatory T cells: Molecular reprogramming, immune suppression, and therapeutic targeting in cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Systemic mesenchymal stem cell therapy for reduction of inflammatory burden in a patient with juvenile-onset rheumatoid arthritis and dialysis-dependent renal failure.Croatian medical journal · 2026Article
- The Microbiome-Mitochondria-Extracellular Vesicle Axis in HPV Persistence and Cervical Carcinogenesis.Genes · 2026Review
- Review
- Systemic toxicity and immunotoxicity studies of glucose oxidase-loaded extracellular vesicles derived from lung cancer cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Exosomal microRNAs in colorectal cancer communication networks: implications for metastasis, therapy resistance, and precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers in glioblastoma: implications for chemoresistance and immune evasion.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Application and Future Perspectives of Extracellular Vesicle-Loaded Scaffold in Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as essential mediators of intercellular communication, transporting a complex repertoire of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that mirror the physiological and pathological status of their parent cells. This review provides a comprehensive overview of EVs from their biogenesis and molecular composition to their translational potential in human disease. This review outlines the major classes of EVs, including exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and oncosomes, together with recent developments in their isolation, molecular characterization, and omics-based profiling. Special focus is given to the role of EVs in viral infection, inflammation, and immune regulation, as well as their contribution to disease development and cancer biology. Moreover, we highlight the emerging clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) in regenerative medicine and oncology, alongside the therapeutic modulation of EV signaling by photobiomodulation (PBM). Finally, we address key translational challenges related to standardization, scalability, and regulatory validation. As exosome-based therapeutics fall under strict FDA and EMA oversight, their translation further depends on harmonized quality controls and robust safety evaluation. By integrating molecular mechanisms with clinical applications, this review emphasizes the transformative potential of EVs as next-generation diagnostic and therapeutic tools in precision medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.