Towards Information-Theoretic Security and Privacy in IoT: A Three-Factor AKA Protocol Supporting Forgotten Password Reset.

Yicheng Yu, Kai Wei, Hongtu Li, Kai Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yicheng YuSchool of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Kai WeiSchool of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Hongtu LiCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130012, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7771-0057

Kai ZhangDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.

Funding

the Industry-University-Research Innovation Fund for Chinese Universities 2023IT068the Scientific Research Startup Fund for Shenzhen High-Caliber Personnel of SZPT 6022310051K

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has created many problems. A wise example is presented by the design of secure, efficient authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocols. A novel three-factor AKA protocol for the IoT is presented in this paper. The scheme integrates password, biometric, and device-based factors that achieved strong security, which gives anonymity to the user, achieves forward secrecy, and makes the scheme resilient to various attacks like replay, impersonation, and de-synchronization. It also adds a safe lost-password-reset functionality, which makes the protocol more usable. Security analysis proves its strength against the typical adversary, while performance evaluation shows that the solution is better than existing solutions in terms of computational and communication efficiency. The work proposes a practical and scalable security solution for IoT systems, which satisfies the high security standard but within the constraints of an IoT system.

Indexed as

authenticationforgotten password resetInternet of Thingssecurity protocol

Identifiers

PMID41751709

DOI10.3390/e28020205

PMCPMC12939264

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.