Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41751642›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Entropy Bathtub for Living Systems: A Markovian Perspective.

Krzysztof W Fornalski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Krzysztof W FornalskiPhysics of Complex Systems Division, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-632 Warszawa, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7452-0189

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A living organism can be regarded as a dissipative, self-organizing physical system operating far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Such systems can be effectively described within the framework of Markov jump processes subjected to an external driving force that sustains the system away from equilibrium-leading, in the special case of stabilization, to a non-equilibrium steady state (NESS). By combining the Markov formalism with concepts from stochastic thermodynamics, we demonstrate the temporal evolution of entropy in such systems: entropy decreases during growth and development, stabilizes at maturity under NESS conditions, and subsequently increases during aging, death, and decomposition. This characteristic trajectory, which we term the

Indexed as

bathtubentropyliving systemsMarkovnon-equilibrium steady statephysics of lifestochastic thermodynamics

Identifiers

PMID41751642
PMCPMC12939982

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.