Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41751429›Full record

ReviewCurrent issues in molecular biology2026

From Genetic Determinism to Epigenetic Regulation: Paradigm Shifts in the Understanding of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Ernesto Burgio, Annamaria Porru, Chiara Pettini, Ilaria Vaglini, Angelo Gemignani, Marco Pettini, Federica Fratini, Daniela Lucangeli

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current issues in molecular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ernesto BurgioEuropean Cancer and Environment Research Institute, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Annamaria PorruDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9896-1648
Chiara PettiniDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Ilaria VagliniDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Angelo GemignaniDepartment of Surgical, Medical, and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Marco PettiniCenter for Theoretical Physics, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France.ORCID 0000-0003-1561-4390
Federica FratiniNeuroscience Department, Italian National Health Institute, 00161 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0807-930X
Daniela LucangeliDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2352-1565

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past two decades, advances in the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms-driven by the rapid expansion of omics technologies-have catalyzed a major paradigm shift in biology: from the genetic determinism and linear causality of the Central Dogma toward the dynamic, networked complexity of systems biology and multilevel regulation. This reconceptualization extends to inheritance itself, highlighting the crucial role of the epigenome as a molecular interface between the genome and the exposome-the cumulative set of internal and external environmental influences experienced across the lifespan. Within this evolving framework, neurodevelopmental disorders exemplify the deep entanglement between genetic predisposition, environmental exposure, and epigenetic modulation. Their increasing global prevalence and frequent comorbidities underscore the need for an integrated etiological understanding that transcends reductionist models. This review tries to synthesize current evidence on the shared molecular and systemic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental spectrum disorders and examines how environmental and epigenetic factors jointly shape neurodevelopmental trajectories across generations. Finally, it discusses the broader implications of this paradigm shift for early diagnosis, prevention, and public health policies aimed at fostering healthy brain development in future generations.

Indexed as

epigenetic inheritanceepigeneticsneurodevelopmental disordersneurodevelopmental risk factorsneurodevelopmental salutogenic factorssystems biology

Identifiers

PMID41751429
PMCPMC12940089

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.