Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination and Long COVID Symptoms in Hospitalised Survivors: Distinguishing Prevention from Reverse Causality.

Lanre Peter Daodu, Yogini Raste, Judith E Allgrove, Francesca I F Arrigoni, Reem Kayyali

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Biomedicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lanre Peter DaoduFaculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London KT1 2EE, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6044-340X

Yogini RasteChest/Respiratory Department, Croydon University Hospital, Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, London CR7 7YE, UK.

Judith E AllgroveSchool of Allied Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health, Environment and Medical Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4344-5715

Francesca I F ArrigoniFaculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London KT1 2EE, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8179-4700

Reem KayyaliFaculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London KT1 2EE, UK.

Funding

Croydon Health Services NHS Trust KU-RCP10656/"Long COVID -Croydon

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Bayesian analysisCOVID-19 vaccinationheterologous vaccinationlong COVIDpost-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC)reverse causality

Identifiers

PMID41751249

DOI10.3390/biomedicines14020350

PMCPMC12938238

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.