ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
DIA Proteomics Reveals the Mechanism of cAMP Signaling Pathway-Mediated HPT Axis in Regulating Spermatogenesis of Hu Sheep.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveAlthough Hu sheep are renowned for their high fecundity, the multi-tissue regulatory networks governing spermatogenesis, particularly within the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by performing a comparative proteomic analysis of the HPT axis in Hu sheep and three other breeds.
methodsWe utilized data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics to analyze hypothalamic, pituitary, and testis tissues from 36 samples across four breeds. The experimental workflow included protein extraction, enzymatic digestion, LC-MS/MS, and subsequent bioinformatic analyses, complemented by histological examination.
resultsHu sheep exhibited accelerated testicular development and an earlier onset of spermatogenesis. Comprehensive proteomic profiling identified a total of 10,528 proteins, with 771 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) detected in the testis. These testicular DEPs were significantly enriched in pathways related to spermatogenesis, the blood-testis barrier, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Notably, the cAMP signaling pathway was consistently enriched across all three tissues, underscoring its pivotal role in regulating spermatogenesis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis further highlighted hub proteins, such as MET, suggesting their potential involvement in somatic cell functions and the spermatogenic microenvironment. Key findings were validated by Western blot analysis.
conclusionThis study is the first multi-tissue proteomic investigation
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