Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41751007›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026

Comparing Agreement Indices to Assess Inter-Observer Reliability in the Case of Dichotomous and Trichotomous Animal-Based Welfare Indicators with Three Raters.

Benedetta Torsiello, Mauro Giammarino, Piero Quatto, Monica Battini, Silvana Mattiello, Luca Battaglini, Manuela Renna

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Benedetta TorsielloDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3859-2609
Mauro GiammarinoDepartment of Prevention, Asl TO3, Veterinary Service, Animal Health Unit, Via Torino 62, 10045 Piossasco, TO, Italy.
Piero QuattoDepartment of Economics, Quantitative Methods and Business Strategies, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6679-7169
Monica BattiniDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6134-7759
Silvana MattielloDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, MI, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1885-949X
Luca BattagliniDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2136-3826
Manuela RennaDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4296-7589

Funding

University of Turin BIAD_RILO_23_01 - 2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study deals with the evaluation of inter-observer reliability (IOR) among three raters in the case of dichotomous and trichotomous individual animal-based welfare indicators. The performance of the most documented agreement indices proposed in the literature was compared, using udder asymmetry (UA) as a dichotomous indicator and body condition score (BCS) as a trichotomous indicator, both obtained from the AWIN Goat protocol. Nine dairy goat farms, exploiting three alpine pastures (AP1 to AP3), were used for data collection. Krippendorff's

Indexed as

agreement indexanimal-based measurebootstrap methoddichotomous variableinter-observer reliabilitytrichotomous variable

Identifiers

PMID41751007
PMCPMC12937283

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.