ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Pain and Mobility in Client-Owned Dogs with Refractory Elbow and Stifle Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double-Blinded Trial.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
introductionExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is used as an adjunctive treatment for canine osteoarthritis (OA), but its effects in dogs with treatment-refractory advanced disease remain unclear. This study compared the efficacy of one versus two sessions of focused ESWT administered approximately 28 days apart in dogs with refractory elbow or stifle OA.
methodsIn this randomized, double-blinded clinical trial, twenty-four client-owned dogs with treatment-refractory elbow (
resultsAge, weight, BCS, and radiographic osteoarthritis severity did not differ between groups at baseline. Improvement was small and limited to selected parameters. Vertical impulse and limb circumference increased more consistently in Group E, whereas peak vertical pressure increased in both groups, including before ESWT in Group L. No sustained or treatment-associated improvement was detected in symmetry variables or joint range of motion. Owner-reported outcomes showed variable patterns without consistent treatment effects. ESWT was well tolerated, and no major adverse events occurred.
conclusionESWT produced modest, inconsistent improvements in dogs with treatment-refractory OA, with slightly more consistent effects following two sessions. Therapeutic efficacy appeared limited in this end-stage population.
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