Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41750302›Full record

ReviewBiomolecules2026

Galectins: Role and Therapeutics in Diabetes and Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Alhasan Alobaidi, Rawan Al Judeid, Vikrant Rai

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alhasan AlobaidiDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Rawan Al JudeidDepartment of Biological Sciences, Citrus College, Glendora, CA 91741, USA.
Vikrant RaiDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6286-2341

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic inflammatory disease due to decreased insulin release or insulin resistance. Diabetes complications stem from high blood sugar damaging blood vessels and nerves, leading to issues like heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, nerve damage, vision loss, foot ulcers, gum disease, skin infections, and digestive/bladder issues. Galectins, especially galectin-3, are emerging as key players in diabetes complications, promoting fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular damage. This suggests that galectins may be potential therapeutic targets in diabetes and its complications, and a need to understand their role and therapeutic potential. The objective of this review is to synthesize current evidence on galectin biology in diabetes mellitus (mainly on type II diabetes) and DFUs, delineate their mechanistic roles in metabolic dysfunction and wound healing, summarize findings from human and preclinical studies, and evaluate emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Finally, this review highlights key gaps that must be addressed to advance clinical translation. The literature search suggests that galectins play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and related complications and may be potential therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic FootGalectinsAnimalsHumansWound HealingGalectinsdiabetesdiabetic complicationsdiabetic foot ulcersgalectinstherapeutic targets

Identifiers

PMID41750302
PMCPMC12937688

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.