ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Observational Comparison of Outcomes of Sandplay Therapy (SPT-SAFE) Versus Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT-BI) for Elementary School Students with NSSI and Suicidal Ideation: A Retrospective School-Based Study.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Outcome Patterns of SPT-SAFE and DBT-BI in Adolescents with Suicidal Ideation and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Retrospective School-Based Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesSuicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among elementary school students represent critical public health concerns that require develop-mentally appropriate, evidence-informed school-based interventions. This study con-ducted a retrospective comparative analysis of two school-based approaches-Sandplay Therapy with Suicidal Ideation and Self-Injury-Focused Engagement (SPT-SAFE) and a School-based Dialectical Behavior Therapy-informed Brief Intervention (DBT-BI)-for elementary school students presenting with suicidal ideation and NSSI. The objective was to describe pre-post-changes in key outcomes within each intervention and to explore whether outcome trajectories differed between the two approaches in a non-randomized, real-world school-based setting.
methodsThis retrospective study analyzed archival clinical records from 109 elementary school students (SPT-SAFE: N = 59; DBT-BI: N = 50) who received services at a school-based suicide prevention center in South Korea between 2022 and 2024. Seven validated outcome measures assessed suicidal ideation, NSSI frequency, depression, anxiety, aggression, impulsiveness, and self-concept at pre- and post-intervention. Pre-post-changes and exploratory between-group differences were examined using 2 × 2 mixed-design ANOVAs (Group × Time interaction), with baseline-adjusted ANCOVAs conducted as complementary analyses. Suicidal ideation was operationalized using the SIQ-JR total score, and NSSI was operationalized using the FASM summed frequency index.
resultsBoth interventions were associated with significant reductions in suicidal ideation (F = 29.98,
conclusionsThese findings suggest that both interventions were associated with pre-post-improvements in suicidal ideation and NSSI frequency within a school-based clinical context.
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