Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41749938›Full record

ArticleCancers2026

Clinical Characteristics and Predictive Factors of Immune-Mediated Cholangitis: A Large Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study.

Noriaki Iijima, Yasutaka Ishii, Shinya Nakamura, Juri Ikemoto, Masaru Furukawa, Yumiko Yamashita, Risa Nomura, Shin Ohtagaki, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Morihito Okada and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Noriaki IijimaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0009-0005-5078-1882
Yasutaka IshiiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3545-8743
Shinya NakamuraDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3263-7271
Juri IkemotoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3992-0472
Masaru FurukawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0009-0002-0041-3596
Yumiko YamashitaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Risa NomuraDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Shin OhtagakiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Yoshihiro TanakaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Morihito OkadaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Noboru HattoriDepartment of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Sachio TakenoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-9853-2501
Nobuyuki HinataDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7014-6812
Akio TanakaDepartment of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5354-7064
Wataru OkamotoCancer Treatment Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Hideki OhdanDepartment of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Souichi YanamotoDepartment of Oral Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2372-8347
Tomonao AikawaProgram of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Ken YamaguchiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Shinya TakahashiDepartment of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5339-6534
Tatsuo IchinoheDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Yuji MurakamiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3596-3010
Masataka TsugeDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7591-8287
Shiro OkaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmune-mediated cholangitis (IMC) is a rare complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, and its clinical characteristics and prognostic implications remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of IMC compared with non-cholangitis cases of immune-mediated hepatotoxicity (IMH).

methodsIn this single-center retrospective study, 1332 patients who received ICIs between 2014 and 2023 were analyzed. IMH was diagnosed based on liver enzyme elevation and exclusion of other liver diseases, while IMC was identified through characteristic imaging findings. Baseline factors, clinical presentations, treatment responses, and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Multivariate analysis identified IMC risk and IMH prognostic factors.

resultsAmong the cohort, 81 (6.1%) patients had IMH, including 10 (0.8%) with IMC. Baseline eosinophil count > 270/μL (odds ratio [OR] 10.33,

conclusionsBaseline eosinophil count and CRP may help predict IMC. While IMC was not a prognostic factor, cholestatic injury and high NLR were associated with worse outcomes. IMC exhibits distinct clinical features, and radiologic findings may support earlier diagnosis and management.

Indexed as

cholangitisC-reactive proteineosinophilsimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmune-mediated adverse eventsliver injury

Identifiers

PMID41749938
PMCPMC12939274

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.