ArticleCancers2026
Non-Smoking, Non-Drinking Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Is Associated with an Immune-Modulated Clinical Phenotype.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Etiopathogenic Profile of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Nonsmokers and Nondrinkers: Expanding Risk Determinants Beyond Tobacco Exposure.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-smoking, non-drinking (NSND) oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasingly recognized, yet its clinicopathologic and immune-related correlates remain incompletely defined.
methodsWe retrospectively studied 243 surgically treated patients with previously untreated primary OSCC (2011-2020). Patients were classified as NSND or smoking and/or drinking (SD). Immune-modulating conditions and preoperative systemic immune-inflammatory indices (NLR, LMR, SIRI, AISI) were assessed, and overall (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analyzed.
resultsEighty-five patients (35.0%) were NSND. NSND patients were more often female (58.8% vs. 12.7%) and slightly older (median 54 vs. 50 years). Subsite distribution differed (
conclusionsNSND OSCC exhibits a distinct clinicopathologic presentation and is strongly associated with immune-modulating comorbidity and lower tumor-associated systemic inflammatory indices, consistent with an immune-modulated clinical phenotype.
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