ArticleParasites & vectors2026
Rickettsia parkeri genetic diversity from three different hard tick species (family: Ixodidae).
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRickettsia parkeri sensu stricto, a causative agent of spotted fever rickettsiosis, is spread via the bite of infected ticks within the Amblyomma maculatum complex group. In the United States of America (USA), Am. maculatum Koch, 1844 is the primary vector for R. parkeri; however, Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dermacentor variabilis (Say, 1821) have demonstrated potential to transmit R. parkeri under laboratory conditions. In this study, we investigate the genetic differences between R. parkeri detected in Am. maculatum, the primary enzootic vector, and potential secondary vectors - Am. americanum and De. variabilis.
methodsUsing Nanopore long-read amplicon sequencing, we compared four R. parkeri genes amplified from naturally infected Am. maculatum, Am. americanum, and De. variabilis collected in the USA. Three R. parkeri genes associated with potential virulence factors were sequenced: outer membrane protein A (OmpA/sca0), outer membrane protein B (OmpB/sca5), and surface cell antigen 4 (gene D/sca4). One species-level gene target was used for species confirmation: 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S).
resultsDifferences in cellular-entry and pathogen chromosomal genes (OmpA, OmpB, and 16S) were detected within the different tick species. No differences were noted in the cell-to-cell mediated transfer gene (gene D) between tick species.
conclusionsThis preliminary study suggests that infection in Am. americanum may lead to changes in R. parkeri genes responsible for pathogen-host cell attachment and replication processes, but once established in a host cell, R. parkeri transfer between cells is unlikely to be impacted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.