ArticleEcoHealth2026
Exposure to Phthalates and Alterations in Reproductive Hormones in Pregnant Women.
Article in EcoHealth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants known for their endocrine-disrupting properties. Pregnancy is a particularly vulnerable period during which exposure to these compounds may adversely affect maternal health and fetal development. This study aimed to evaluate the exposure of pregnant women to phthalates, specifically diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and to investigate potential associations between urinary concentrations of their metabolites (MEP (monoethyl phthalate), MEHP (mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate), and MnBP (mono-n-butyl phthalate)) and circulating reproductive hormone levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 pregnant women. Reproductive hormones (LH, FSH, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, and prolactin) were quantified by electrochemiluminescence. Urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites were measured using LC-MS/MS and normalized to creatinine levels. Phthalate metabolites were detected in the majority of samples (MEP: 97.4%; MEHP: 95.6%; MnBP: 92.9%). Mean concentrations were 83.50 ± 89.13 µg/g creatinine for MEP, 37.92 ± 41.08 µg/g for MEHP, and 44.64 ± 48.17 µg/g for MnBP. Phthalate detection frequencies did not differ significantly across residential regions, except for urinary MEHP concentrations, which were higher among women residing in the Eastern region of Algiers (53.039 µg/g creatinine). No significant differences in detection frequencies between 2022, 2023, and 2024 were observed; however, the highest urinary MEHP concentrations were recorded in 2022 (47.922 µg/g creatinine). Significant inverse associations were observed between urinary MEP and MEHP concentrations and plasma progesterone and testosterone levels (β
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