Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41748579›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

Open data, private learners: a de-identified student activity and performance dataset for learning analytics.

Elena Tiukhova, Dimitri Van Landuyt, Bart Baesens, Monique Snoeck

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Elena TiukhovaResearch Centre for Information Systems Engineering (LIRIS), KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. elena.tiukhova@kuleuven.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-9417
Dimitri Van LanduytResearch Centre for Information Systems Engineering (LIRIS), KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-2271
Bart BaesensResearch Centre for Information Systems Engineering (LIRIS), KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-5668
Monique SnoeckResearch Centre for Information Systems Engineering (LIRIS), KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3824-3214

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The data-driven study and optimization of learning processes has become possible through collecting the digital traces left by learners as they interact with digital study materials and learning tools - a field known as Learning Analytics (LA). The increased availability of such data has fueled the growth of the LA field, enabling the development of new frameworks and models, and supporting the transfer of findings across domains, and collaboration on joint educational initiatives. However, given the sensitive and personal nature of intermediary learning results and outcomes, such data availability also raises significant ethical and privacy concerns. To support and foster the open and transparent development and evaluation of LA solutions, we present a detailed clickstream dataset collected at KU Leuven across two first-year bachelor courses over three academic years. The public dataset is accompanied by transparent documentation of the de-identification process, and we report on privacy and utility validation results.

Indexed as

LearningStudentsData AnalyticsData AnonymizationHumans

Identifiers

PMID41748579
PMCPMC13066476

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.