Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41747727›Full record

ArticleCell2026

Nuclear speckles enable processing of RNA from GC-rich isochores.

Michał Małszycki, Lisa Martina, İbrahim Avşar Ilık, Daniela Salgado Figueroa, Nirmalya Dasgupta, Menşura Feray Çoşar, Keun-Tae Kim, Gil Carraco, Beatrix Fauler, David Meierhofer and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Nuclear speckles of GC richness.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Michał MałszyckiMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
Lisa MartinaMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
İbrahim Avşar IlıkMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
Daniela Salgado FigueroaCenters for Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nirmalya DasguptaCenters for Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Menşura Feray ÇoşarInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Keun-Tae KimInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Gil CarracoInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Beatrix FaulerMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
David MeierhoferMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
Thorsten MielkeMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
Hiroo ImaiMolecular Biology Section, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior (eHUB), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Cantaş AlevInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Ferhat AyCenters for Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Tuğçe AktaşMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: aktas@molgen.mpg.de.

Funding

Studying the function of human genetic variation in the light of 3D genome organizationR35GM128938 · NIGMS · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI Ferhat Ay · 2018 to 2026
$4.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM128938
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nuclear speckles are conserved, membrane-less organelles linked to various post-transcriptional processes. Here, we examined their roles in human cells by engineered, acute removal of SON and SRRM2, two conserved speckle core components characterized by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Their removal results in a significant downregulation of GC-rich genes with short introns clustered within GC-rich isochores, caused by inefficient and chaotic splicing; in contrast, the expression or splicing of genes outside these isochores remains unaffected. Comparative analysis across eukaryotes, from fungi to mammals, reveals that both GC-rich isochores and speckles are found exclusively in amniotes; moreover, the IDRs of SON have undergone notable expansion in the latter. Together, these findings suggest that the expansion of IDRs in vertebrates facilitated an increase in GC content by creating a condensate essential for splicing the by-products of this process: GC-rich, leveled exon-intron architectures.

Indexed as

GC Rich SequenceIsochoresNuclear SpecklesAnimalsDNA-Binding ProteinsHumansIntronsMinor Histocompatibility AntigensRNARNA-Binding ProteinsRNA SplicingDNA-Binding ProteinsIsochoresMinor Histocompatibility AntigensRNARNA-Binding ProteinsSON protein, humanbiological condensatesgenome evolutionnuclear organizationnuclear specklesRNA splicing

Identifiers

PMID41747727
PMCPMC13283296

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.