ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2026
Trends in global, regional and national burden of brain and CNS cancers, 1990-2021 and predictions to 2036: analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeOur study aims to analyze the burden of brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers worldwide between 1990 and 2021, with the intention of informing the establishment of appropriate control and prevention measures and health resource allocations.
methodsData from the GBD 2021 were examined to determine the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) of global brain and CNS cancers from 1990 to 2021, across age, sex, and the sociodemographic index (SDI).
resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), mortality rate (ASMR), incidence rate (ASIR), and YLDs increased while the age-standardized DALYs (ASDR) and YLLs decreased. Both genders increased in prevalence, incidence, YLDs, and decreased in DALYs and YLLs from 1990 to 2021. The ASMR remained relatively stable with no statistically significant trend observed for either males or females. Regionally, the largest increase of prevalence and incidence was in High-income Asia Pacific. Kingdom of Norway has the highest ASIR and ASPR in 2021. In 2019, a notable inflection point emerged, marking a shift of incidence and prevalence from upward to downward, and the global ASIR was expected to continue declining by 2036.
conclusionAlthough the burden of brain and CNS cancers increased over the past 30 years, the global ASIR had decreased from 2019 and was expected to continue declining by 2036, which may be related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Reducing the burden should focused on devise differentiated screening methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures across different nations and SDI regions. In low SDI regions where mortality is rising, efforts must focus on strengthening health systems for basic diagnostics and essential treatments. In high SDI regions, priorities may include etiological research into high incidence rates and managing the burdens of long-term survivorship.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41746454What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.