ArticleToxics2026
Breathing-Zone Exposure to Aromatic Volatile Organic Compounds in Surgical Smoke During Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor: A Prospective Paired Monitoring Study.
Article in Toxics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
(1) Background: Energy-based transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) generates surgical smoke that may contain hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), yet surgeon breathing-zone exposure during transurethral surgery remains insufficiently characterized. (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective paired-exposure study during 28 TURBT procedures over 10 operating days using personal sampling at the surgeon's breathing zone and simultaneous intraoperative background sampling at three predefined locations (~1.5 m from the surgeon). VOCs were measured by active sampling onto Tenax TA sorbent tubes followed by thermal desorption Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and formaldehyde was measured by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges with high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV). Breathing-zone versus background contrasts were summarized as paired geometric mean ratios (GMRs), and a dose index was calculated as concentration × operative time (µg·h/m
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