Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41744552›Full record

ArticleBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Parameter Optimization of Biodegradable Composite PLA-Wood with New-Generation Infill Pattern.

Mehmet Kivanc Turan, Altug Bakirci, Yusuf Alptekin Turkkan, Fatih Karpat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mehmet Kivanc TuranDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-1605-9678
Altug BakirciR&D Department, Ermetal Otomotiv ve Esya San. Tic. A.S., 16110 Bursa, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-0438-6337
Yusuf Alptekin TurkkanDepartment of Electronics and Automation, Bursa Uludag University, 16850 Bursa, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-1542-0713
Fatih KarpatDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0001-8474-7328

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increasing interest in sustainable materials has led to the development of bio-based composites for additive manufacturing applications. This study aimed to investigate the influence of key printing parameters and new-generation infill patterns together on the maximum compressive force of PLA-wood bio-composites produced by Material Extrusion. By optimizing this material, low-cost wood-like products can be produced. New-generation 3D infill patterns (octet, cubic-subdivision, and lightning which is a biomimetic infill pattern) infill densities, printing temperatures, and layer heights were selected as variables/factors, and the Taguchi method was applied for design of the experiment. The signal-to-noise ratio and Analysis of Variance were used to evaluate the statistical significance and contribution of each parameter to the mechanical response. The signal-to-noise ratio indicated that the optimal printing settings were as follows: printing temperature, 205 °C; infill density, 80%; infill pattern, octet; and layer height, 0.2 mm (7123.4 N). ANOVA results showed that infill density was the most significant factor affecting maximum compressive force at 60%, while infill pattern also exhibited a notable effect. According to these results, infill density and infill pattern are the most important factors for achieving high compressive strength. These findings suggest that optimizing infill architecture and density can improve the mechanical performance of PLA-wood composites, also they can offer assistive design guidelines for lightweight and eco-friendly components.

Indexed as

additive manufacturingANOVAfused filament fabricationPLA–wood bio-compositeTaguchi

Identifiers

PMID41744552
PMCPMC12938073

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.