Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41744349›Full record

ArticleFuture medicinal chemistry2026

Spiropyrrolizine derivatives as multitarget antidiabetic agents in obese type 2 diabetes: integrated

Faiza I A Abdella, Dalal Alardan, Ismail Daoud, Nawal S Alshammari, Ahlam Abdulrahman Alrashdi, Sarra Boudriga

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Future medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Antidiabetic Effects ofMarine drugs · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Faiza I A AbdellaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Dalal AlardanDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Ismail DaoudDepartment of Matter Sciences, University of Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria.
Nawal S AlshammariDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Ahlam Abdulrahman AlrashdiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Sarra BoudrigaFaculty of Sciences of Monastir, Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natura Products and Reactivity (CHPNR) - LR11ES39, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsObesity-associated type 2 diabetes (OB-T2D) remains a major clinical challenge due to insulin resistance and the limited efficacy of current dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in addressing metabolic dysfunction. This study aimed to explore spiropyrrolizine and spiropyrrolothiazole derivatives as multitarget antidiabetic agents. MATERIALS AND

methodsA series of spiropyrrolizine/spiropyrrolothiazole derivatives (

resultsAmong the tested compounds, spiropyrrolizine

conclusionSpiropyrrolizine

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsLiverObesityPyrrolesSpiro CompoundsAnimalsBlood GlucoseHumansMaleMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular StructureRatsBlood GlucoseDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsPyrrolesSpiro Compoundsantidiabetic activityDPP-4 inhibitionmolecular dockingOB-T2Dspiropyrrolizine

Identifiers

PMID41744349
PMCPMC13232976

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.