ArticleJournal of fish biology2026
Reproductive behaviour of the ocean triggerfish Canthidermis sufflamen (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) in the shallow waters of the marine-protected area of El Hierro Island (Canary Islands).
Article in Journal of fish biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The abundance of Canthidermis sufflamen has increased worldwide, including around the Canary Islands, due to global ocean warming. The reproductive behaviour of this species was studied within a marine-protected area (MPA) and its adjacent areas off the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands). This oceanic species starts to move from pelagic habitats to inshore waters at the end of April. Spawning takes place asynchronously from June to September, with peak activity in July-August. Males establish territories and build several benthic nests on sandy bottom for multiple females. Each male covers an area ranging from ~21 to 135 m
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