ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2026
Persistent Sex Disparities in Pre-Hospital Delay Among Patients With STEMI Despite Overall Improvements: Findings From the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Chest Pain Center Registry.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Myeloma Disease Burden in China and Globally From 1990 to 2023 and Future Trend Projections.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWomen with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) historically experience longer pre-hospital delays than men. Whether this disparity has narrowed in China remains unknown.
methodsWe analyzed STEMI patients in the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database-Chest Pain Center (2016-2023). Total pre-hospital delay and its components were analyzed using multivariable quantile regression across three periods (2016-2019; 2020-2022; 2023), adjusting for age, comorbidities, and cardiovascular risk factors.
resultsAmong 1 104 812 patients, 162 032 (14.7%) were transported by emergency medical services (EMS). Women had consistently longer pre-hospital delays than men (median: 170 versus 124 minutes); the adjusted sex difference at median was 24.44 minutes (95% CI: 22.71-26.16), widening at higher percentiles. Overall delays declined from 2016 to 2019 to 2023, with attenuation during 2020 to 2022. The sex disparities persisted and were most pronounced in patients <80 years and appeared larger in rural settings. In the EMS-transported subgroup, the adjusted median difference was 15.69 minutes (95% CI: 13.24-18.13). Breakdown of delay components indicated that the disparity was driven by EMS call delay (adjusted median difference 13.95 minutes, 95% CI: 11.23-16.67) rather than transportation delay.
conclusionsDespite overall improvements, sex disparities in pre-hospital delay persisted in China, largely arose before EMS activation. Targeted strategies should prioritize symptom recognition and early EMS activation among women, with rural-tailored implementation.
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