Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41743729›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in HIV-associated advanced lung cancer: from mechanisms to clinical practice.

Ruifang Chen, Shuai Ren, Haicheng Tang, Qingguo Wu

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ruifang Chen *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.
Shuai Ren *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.
Haicheng TangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.
Qingguo WuDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has ushered in a remarkable era of prolonged survival for individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Yet this prolonged survival has paradoxically coincided with an increasing burden of non-AIDS-defining malignancies, particularly advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Targeted inhibitors of the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) pathway and its ligand, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have now become the cornerstone of modern immunotherapy. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies evaluating the application of these inhibitors in HIV-positive individuals with concurrent lung cancer remain scarce. This review elucidates the dual mechanism of action of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in this patient population: on one hand, blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis enhances anti-tumor activity

Indexed as

B7-H1 AntigenHIV InfectionsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorAnimalsHumansImmunotherapyB7-H1 AntigenCD274 protein, humanImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorHIVimmunotherapylung cancerPD-1 inhibitorPD-L1 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID41743729
PMCPMC12929474

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.