ReviewSAGE open nursing
Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Slow Stroke Back Massage on Blood Pressure, Stress, and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.
Review in SAGE open nursing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a structured technique that induces relaxation by alternately tensing and relaxing muscle groups, supporting both physical and psychological well-being. Slow stroke back massage (SSBM) is also recognized as a therapeutic method that enhances comfort and reduces stress. Given the susceptibility of older adults to hypertension, psychological stress, and sleep disturbances, evaluating the effects of these non-pharmacological interventions remains highly relevant. This review aimed to examine the effects of PMR and SSBM on blood pressure reduction, stress alleviation, and sleep quality improvement among older adults. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework, refined by Levac et al. (2010), and reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature searches were performed in Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2019 and March 2024. The Boolean strategy combined search terms related to PMR, SSBM, blood pressure, stress, and sleep quality. Eligible studies included empirical research among with older adults that assessed PMR or SSBM with outcomes on blood pressure, stress, or sleep. Non-empirical articles, studies involving children, non-English publications, and studies with poor methodological quality were excluded. After duplicate removal and screening, 10 studies were included in the synthesis. Data were extracted using a standardized form and were analyzed thematically. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and contributed to two major themes. First, PMR significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lowered heart rate, decreased stress and anxiety scores, and improved sleep quality. Second, SSBM helped stabilize blood pressure, reduce stress and depressive symptoms, and enhance sleep comfort in older adults. Conclusion: PMR and SSBM are effective, evidence-based, non-pharmacological interventions for improving cardiovascular and psychological outcomes in older adults. Both techniques may be recommended as complementary therapies in geriatric nursing practice.
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Registered trials
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