Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41742504›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of desoxycorticosterone pivalate in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism.

Daniel K Langlois, Levent Dirikolu, Jean M Brudvig, Andreas F Lehner, Laurie L Nelms, Stephan A Carey, Sara A Jablonski, Harry Cridge, Enass Bassiouny, Justin Zyskowski and 1 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Daniel K LangloisDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7726-6307
Levent DirikoluDepartment of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
Jean M BrudvigVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48910, United States.
Andreas F LehnerVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48910, United States.
Laurie L NelmsGreater Lansing Veterinary Center, Williamston, MI 48895, United States.
Stephan A CareyDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Sara A JablonskiDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Harry CridgeDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Enass BassiounyVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48910, United States.
Justin ZyskowskiVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48910, United States.
John P BuchweitzVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48910, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4077-5014

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDesoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is commonly used to treat mineralocorticoid deficiency in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism (HA). HYPOTHESIS/

objectiveTo determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DOCP. ANIMALS: Twenty-one dogs with newly diagnosed HA.

methodsProspective clinical trial. Dogs were randomly assigned to treatment with an SC injection of either 1.1 mg/kg (low-dose) or 2.2 mg/kg (label-dose) DOCP. Blood samples were collected at set time points for measurement of serum drug concentrations, serum electrolyte concentrations, and plasma renin activities (PRAs). A one-compartment model was used to determine pharmacokinetics variables. Pharmacodynamics variables including duration of DOCP action and duration of overtreatment were estimated from serum electrolyte concentrations and PRA. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics variables were compared between low-dose and label-dose groups.

resultsMaximum drug concentrations and overall drug exposures were higher in label-dose dogs (1.22 ± 0.46 ng/mL and 32.1 ± 12.3 day × ng/mL) than in low-dose dogs (0.69 ± 0.32 ng/mL and 19.6 ± 5.3 day × ng/mL; P = .008 for both comparisons). However, duration of DOCP action as determined by PRA in label-dose (55 ± 16 days) and low-dose (45 ± 12 days) dogs was not different (P = .2). Serum electrolyte concentrations overestimated the duration of action in the combined group by a mean of 10 days when compared with PRA (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics data suggest that low-dose DOCP administered every 5-7 weeks is a reasonable treatment strategy for most dogs with HA. Prolonging dosing intervals > 7-8 weeks based solely on electrolyte concentrations should be avoided.

Indexed as

Adrenal InsufficiencyDesoxycorticosteroneDog DiseasesAnimalsDogsDose-Response Relationship, DrugElectrolytesFemaleMaleProspective StudiesRenindeoxycortone pivalateDesoxycorticosteroneElectrolytesReninAddison’s diseaseadrenal insufficiencyaldosteronetreatmentZycortal

Identifiers

PMID41742504
PMCPMC12881975

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.