Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41742482›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026

Paroxysmal dyskinesia associated with hyperthyroidism in 7 cats: a novel manifestation of a metabolic encephalopathy.

Javier Espinosa, Irene Espadas, Athina Karpozilou, Tamara Heredia, Alenka Hrovat, Juan Torre, Annette Wessmann, Aga Zoltowska, Charlotte Dye, Juan José Mínguez and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Phenotypic characteristics of paroxysmal dyskinesia in 25 cats.The Journal of small animal practice · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Javier EspinosaNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, DE24 8HX, United Kingdom.
Irene EspadasNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, Veterios Referral Veterinary Hospital, 28022, Madrid, Spain.
Athina KarpozilouNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Ringwood, BH24 3JW, United Kingdom.
Tamara HerediaNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, Anicura Ars Veterinary Hospital, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
Alenka HrovatOakwood Veterinary Referrals, Willows Veterinary Hospital, Hartford, CW8 1LP, United Kingdom.
Juan TorreMedivet Veterinary Clinic Hucknall, Nottingham, NG15 7BY, United Kingdom.
Annette WessmannNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia, Tierklinik Hofheim, 65719, Hofheim, Germany.
Aga ZoltowskaSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom.
Charlotte DyeInternal Medicine Service, IVC Evidensia, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, DE24 8HX, United Kingdom.
Juan José MínguezNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, DE24 8HX, United Kingdom.
Christoforos PosporisNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, DE24 8HX, United Kingdom.
Patricia ÁlvarezNeurology and Neurosurgery Service, IVC Evidensia, Pride Veterinary Referrals, Derby, DE24 8HX, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParoxysmal dyskinesia associated with hyperthyroidism (HT) is a well-described disorder in humans and has not been previously reported in cats. HYPOTHESIS/

objectivesParoxysmal dyskinesia might develop as a consequence of HT in cats, with improvement or cessation of the episodes once normal thyroid function is restored. ANIMALS: Seven client-owned cats.

methodsMulticenter retrospective observational study comprising cats with clinical signs consistent with the clinical phenotype of paroxysmal dyskinesia based on video recordings, and a concurrent diagnosis of HT. Follow-up information was obtained by contacting referring veterinarians and owners.

resultsSeven cats were included. No signs of neurological disease were observed between the episodes except for plantigradism in one cat. Brain MRI studies were performed in 2 cats, revealing no intracranial abnormalities. In 1 cat, a 2-h video-assisted wireless electroencephalography confirmed the absence of epileptic activity. Clinical signs associated with HT were noted in all but 1 cat. After treatment for HT, complete remission of paroxysmal dyskinesia episodes was achieved in all cases, with euthyroid state confirmed in 6 cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: HT should be considered a differential diagnosis in cats with paroxysmal dyskinesia, even in the absence of other suggestive signs. Similar to the analogous disorder in humans, the prognosis appears excellent once appropriate treatment for HT is initiated.

Indexed as

dopaminedystoniaendocrinopathyepisodesfelinemovement disorder

Identifiers

PMID41742482
PMCPMC12881977

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.