Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41742186›Full record

Trial reportBMC oral health2026

Impact of brushing-flossing sequence on plaque removal: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Yi-Fei Ma, Yi-Hui Pan, Yi Tang, Xiang-Zhen Yan

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yi-Fei Ma *Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Tongji Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China, Yanchang Road 399.
Yi-Hui Pan *Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Tongji Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China, Yanchang Road 399.
Yi TangShanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Tongji Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China, Yanchang Road 399.
Xiang-Zhen YanShanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Tongji Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China, Yanchang Road 399. xiangzhenyan03@163.com.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 22120240308National Natural Science Foundation of China No. NSFC 81700978Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai No. 22S11902800Shanghai Municipal Health Commission's Clinical Research Project 202340064
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBrushing and flossing have been widely used worldwide as mechanical ways for the removal of dental plaque. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the sequence of brushing and flossing would have an impact on the efficacy of plaque removal.

methodsA total of 56 college students were randomly assigned to the floss-brush group and the brush-floss group. A baseline plaque index (PI) assessment was performed on the participants, followed by oral hygiene instruction on the modified Bass brushing technique and flossing methods. The participants in the floss-brush group were directed to floss before brushing their teeth, while the brush-floss group executed the same tasks, differing only in the order of operations. The Turesky Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPI) was utilized to assess total, buccal, lingual, and interproximal plaque, with results deemed statistically significant at p < 0.05.

resultsValues are presented as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD). The floss-brush group exhibited significantly greater mean ± SD reductions in PI compared to the brush-floss group in the maxillary anterior region for both total surfaces (1.13 ± 0.87 vs. 0.71 ± 0.89; p = 0.011) and interproximal surfaces (1.15 ± 0.92 vs. 0.65 ± 0.86; p = 0.01), as well as in the mandibular anterior region for total surfaces (0.91 ± 0.76 vs. 0.64 ± 0.95; p = 0.026) and interproximal surfaces (0.93 ± 0.80 vs. 0.62 ± 0.96; p = 0.031). No statistically significant difference was identified between the two groups in other regions.

conclusionOur results suggest a potential advantage of flossing followed by brushing in anterior regions, evidenced by greater PI reduction compared to brushing then flossing.

trial registration(23-07-2024) on https://www.chictr.org.cn/ with the ID (ChiCTR2400087214).

Indexed as

Dental Devices, Home CareDental PlaqueOral HygieneToothbrushingDental Plaque IndexFemaleHumansMaleSingle-Blind MethodYoung Adultbrushingdental hygienedental plaqueflossingrandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID41742186
PMCPMC13040975

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.