Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41741459›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Electrolyte diluent with large electrostatic potential difference for fast charging and slow discharging lithium metal batteries.

Minkwan Kim, Jinhyeong Kim, Minsung Baek, Jihoon Oh, Jimin Lee, Ali Coskun, Jang Wook Choi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Electrolyte Design for Fast-Charging Lithium-Based Batteries.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Minkwan Kim *School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jinhyeong Kim *School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Minsung BaekSchool of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jihoon OhSchool of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-6975
Jimin LeeSchool of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4369-9761
Ali CoskunDepartment of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. ali.coskun@unifr.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-1546
Jang Wook ChoiSchool of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jangwookchoi@snu.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-0901

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2023-00261543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Progress in extending the cycle life of lithium metal batteries has primarily been achieved through strategies focused on slow charging and fast discharging conditions, with limited practical impact. However, accelerated performance degradation under the opposite operation protocols-fast charging and slow discharging-remains a challenge. Here, we introduce (difluoromethyl)trimethylsilane with a large electrostatic potential difference as a diluent for localized high-concentration electrolytes. The presence of this diluent limits the size of ion clusters and promotes the transfer of Li ions through the swollen solid-electrolyte-interphase layer for robust fast charging. The diluent also increases electrode polarization, which leads to spatially uniform Li stripping sites and allows reliable discharging even at low current densities. As a result, the electrolyte achieves an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.12% even at 12 mA cm

Identifiers

PMID41741459
PMCPMC13046753

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.