ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026
Combination Immunotherapy as a Promising Strategy to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance: From Emergence to Next-Generation Approaches.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inflammation and carcinogenesis: molecular targets and small-molecule intervention strategies.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Antibacterial Immunotherapy: Mechanistic Insights, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and Clinical Translation.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Overcoming immune resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into mechanisms, predictive factors, and interventional strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Advances in immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors, have improved clinical outcomes in various cancer subtypes; however, resistance often occurs because these treatments rely on single agents and show limited translational success when combined. Therefore, it is necessary to develop immune checkpoint inhibitor-based combination strategies by integrating next-generation immunotherapies and innovative biomarkers. This review highlights the emerging combinatorial approaches that can be tailored to the distinct tumor microenvironment types to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. It further emphasizes the rationale for integrating advanced biomarkers to predict response and personalize immunotherapy, highlighting the importance of combining next-generation immunotherapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and including them in current clinical trial designs. Building on this foundation, we integrate key lessons from failed clinical trials and the spectrum of toxicities associated with combination immunotherapy. Finally, we outline approaches for early biomarker discovery and clinical translation, including the incorporation of validated artificial intelligence-driven biomarker platforms into adaptive, biomarker-guided trial designs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.