ArticleJournal of cataract and refractive surgery2026
Evolution of ultrasound in phacoemulsification: introduction of a novel ultrasound modality.
Article in Journal of cataract and refractive surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07756385 (Comparison of Ultrasound Efficiency and Early Postoperative Outcomes of Two Phacoemulsification Systems), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Ultrasound Efficiency and Early Postoperative Outcomes of Two Phacoemulsification Systems (UNITY VCS 4D Phaco and Centurion With Active Sentry Probe): A Randomized Contralateral Eye Study
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Comparison of 4D Phaco and Torsional Ultrasound Phacoemulsification Platforms: Association with Cumulative Dissipated Energy and Postoperative Inflammatory Response.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Four-dimensional ultrasound versus torsional ultrasound phacoemulsification in cataracta nigra: a single-nucleusFrontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo compare ultrasound time, energy, and microfollowability with torsional and 4D Phaco in porcine cadaver (simulating grade 1 to 3 cataracts) and artificial lenses (simulating grade 4+ cataracts).
settingAlcon Research, Ltd., Lake Forest, California.
designExperimental study.
methodsA test tube study compared torsional and 4D Phaco for a specified Kitaro artificial lens weight using UNITY Vitreoretinal Cataract System (UNITY VCS) (study 1). Time and energy needed to emulsify lens samples were recorded. Wetlab studies using artificial (study 2) and porcine lenses (study 3) compared the modalities under simulated surgical settings. A bead video was used to visualize microfollowability in both modalities. Across all studies, balanced tip was used, and fluidic parameters were consistent. Total energy into the eye (joules), energy dissipated at the incision (cumulative dissipated energy [CDE]), and ultrasound time were recorded from the machine and analyzed.
resultsStudy 1 showed 48% improvement in efficiency (2.86 ± 0.79 vs 5.48 ± 1.27 s/mg), 48% improvement in CDE (0.69 ± 0.19 vs 1.32 ± 0.30 CDE/mg), and 41% reduction in total energy (3.99 ± 1.21 vs 6.78 ± 1.71 J/mg) with 4D Phaco vs torsional. Artificial (32 torsional, 32 4D Phaco; study 2) and porcine lenses (33 torsional, 33 4D Phaco; study 3) demonstrated significantly less energy (CDE and J) and ultrasound time with 4D Phaco compared with torsional ( P < .05). The bead study demonstrated enhanced microfollowability with 4D Phaco.
conclusionsUNITY VCS's 4D Phaco improves efficiency, energy dissipated at the incision site, total energy into the eye, and microfollowability compared with torsional phacoemulsification, which may translate to better postoperative outcomes.
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