Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41739751›Full record

ArticleAge and ageing2026

Association of frailty with dementia and the impact of frailty on antihypertensive treatment protection against dementia in older hypertensive adults.

Linan Chen, Shoujiang You, Nicole Ee, Kenneth Rockwood, David D Ward, Ruth E Hubbard, Mark Woodward, Oisin Fitzgerald, Ruirui Wang, Yijie Gao and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Age and ageing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Linan ChenThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4926-0191
Shoujiang YouThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Nicole EeThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Kenneth RockwoodDivision of Neurology, Dalhousie University Department of Medicine, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-6674-995X
David D WardAustralian Frailty Network, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5476-9526
Ruth E HubbardAustralian Frailty Network, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8688-5836
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9800-5296
Oisin FitzgeraldNational Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9554-8869
Ruirui WangThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Yijie GaoThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jeff D WilliamsonSection of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Craig S AndersonThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Katie HarrisThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2444-2869
Xiaoying ChenThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Ruth PetersThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

Wake Forest University School of Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG072947 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SUZANNE CRAFT · 2021 to 2026
$24.3M
NHLBI NIH HHSNIA NIH HHS P30 AG072947University of New South Wales
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between frailty and dementia risk in hypertensive patients remains unclear, as does the impact of frailty on the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment in preventing dementia.

methodsUsing data from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program trial, a baseline frailty index (FI) including 55 health deficits was constructed. Multinomial regression models were used to examine the association between frailty and dementia, as well as to examine whether the impact of antihypertensive treatment on the risk of dementia was modified by baseline FI.

resultsA total of 4692 participants (mean age: 72.1 years, 56.8% female) were included with a median (inter-quartile interval) FI of 0.127 (0.091-0.173). During a median follow-up of 4.4 years, 81 dementia cases occurred. Each SD (0.061) increase in FI was associated with a 33% higher risk of dementia [odds ratio (OR): 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.64], after adjusting for age, sex, race, education and treatment group. This association differed between the active treatment group (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.16-2.11) and the placebo group (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.87-1.56), with a P for interaction = .049. Correspondingly, in the lowest FI quarter, antihypertensive treatment reduced dementia risk (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04-0.94), an effect not observed in higher FI quarters (interaction P = .058).

conclusionIn patients with isolated systolic hypertension, frailty may serve as a risk factor for dementia, and elevated levels of frailty may attenuate the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment in reducing dementia risk.

Indexed as

agedantihypertensive agentsclinical trialdementiafrailtyolder people

Identifiers

PMID41739751
PMCPMC13366261

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.