Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41739213›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2026

Transgenic mouse model of congenital choledochal cyst.

Hannah Nicole Rinehardt, Alexis Martyn, Alexander Kolodychak, Masahiro Takeda, Madison Thomas, Lydia Liszewski, Abigail Rutkowski, Alexander Kreger, George Kingsley Gittes

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Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hannah Nicole RinehardtDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA. rinehardthn@upmc.edu.
Alexis MartynDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Alexander KolodychakDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Masahiro TakedaDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Madison ThomasDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Lydia LiszewskiDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Abigail RutkowskiDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
Alexander KregerDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.
George Kingsley GittesDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Building, 530 45th Street, 6th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA.

Funding

NIDDK NIH HHS 5R01DK120377-06
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCholedochal cyst is a rare, congenital dilation of the hepatobiliary tree. Due to the associated malignancy risk, complete resection is recommended. There remains a risk of metachronous cholangiocarcinoma despite resection necessitating lifelong surveillance. Choledochal cysts are increasingly prevalent with an incompletely understood connection to carcinogenesis. We sought to develop a mouse model to reliably mimic human disease process of choledochal cyst.

methodsExperimental transgenic mice were bred with a genotype of Pdx-Cre, TGFα, LSL-Kras G12D Mu/Wt. Control C57 mice were used as a comparison. Experimental and control mice underwent serial abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from weaning to sacrifice.

resultsAll experimental mice developed fusiform extrahepatic common bile duct dilation most consistent with Todani Type Ic (fusiform) choledochal malformation. Choledochal cyst was present on imaging modalities upon weaning. Maximum common bile duct (CBD) diameter by MRI demonstrated a significantly larger diameter in the experimental group compared to the control group at 10 weeks.

conclusionAll experimental mice with a genotype of Pdx-Cre, TGFα, LSL-Kras Mu/Wt developed a phenotype consistent with congenital choledochal cyst. This transgenic mouse model mimics the oncogenic nature of choledochal cyst and could be used to further study disease pathophysiology and novel interventions.

Indexed as

Choledochal CystDisease Models, AnimalAnimalsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicCholedochal cystCholestasisCongenitalGenetic mouse modelTransgenic

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.