Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41738887›Full record

ArticleJournal of community psychology2026

Validation of a Community Belonging Measure for Youth and Adults.

Kate Van Kessel, Serena McDiarmid, Dillon Browne, Children and Youth Planning Table of Waterloo Region, Heather Henderson

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of community psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kate Van KesselDepartment of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-8008
Serena McDiarmidDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9600-9813
Dillon BrowneDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7445-6604
Children and Youth Planning Table of Waterloo RegionChildren and Youth Planning Table of Waterloo Region, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Heather HendersonDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1668-4203

Funding

Mitacs Accelerate IT29052Ontario Trillium Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Measuring community belonging is of interest to community organizations and practitioners, yet few tools exist. Here we validate a novel measure of community belonging: the Where I Belong Survey - Youth/Adult Version (WIBS). In Study 1, the psychometric properties and factor structure of the survey were examined in three Canadian samples of youth and young adults (n = 249; 840; 443, respectively), and results were used to refine the survey. In Study 2, the psychometric properties and factor structure of the revised 16-item WIBS were examined in a sample of Canadian undergraduates (n = 476). Results suggest the WIBS is psychometrically sound, as demonstrated through a pattern of excellent reliability, good convergent validity, and good to fair discriminant validity. Results revealed a two-factor solution with factors for Interpersonal Belonging and Context Belonging, consistent with prior theoretical work on community belonging.

Indexed as

Interpersonal RelationsPsychometricsAdolescentAdultCanadaFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsSocial GroupSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultadolescentscommunity belongingpsychometricssurvey validationyoung adults

Identifiers

PMID41738887
PMCPMC12934382

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.