ReviewInternational journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention2026
Systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular disease risk among hypertensive patients in Africa.
Review in International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Determinants of Uncontrolled Hypertension Among Treated Adults in a Rural Primary Health Care Facility in South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk and associated factors among people with hypertension in the West Bank, Palestine.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the foremost cause of death globally, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. In Africa, CVDs pose a significant and growing public health challenge, and hypertension being a leading cause of cardiac complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of high 10-year CVD risk and associated determinants among hypertensive patients in Africa. Methods: Peer-reviewed literature was systematically identified through a search of multiple bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and AJOL. Data were extracted into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and subsequently analyzed in STATA 17. To evaluate heterogeneity across the selected studies, the Cochrane Q test and I Results: The pooled estimate revealed that 26% (95% CI: 22-30%) of hypertensive patients in Africa were at high risk of developing a CVD within ten years. Factors significantly associated with high cardiovascular risk included age >64 years (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.69-4.98), male sex (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.51-3.98), unable to read and write (AOR = 5.13, 95% CI: 1.39-8.86), urban residence (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.48-2.27), smoking (AOR = 4.64, 95% CI: 2.9-6.38), and the presence of chronic comorbidities (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.88-3.89). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that a substantial proportion of hypertensive patients in Africa are at high-risk of CVD within a decade. This risk is influenced by a range of demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors. The significant heterogeneity observed across studies underscores the need for decentralized, country-specific data and interventions. Future research should prioritize prospective cohort studies to better understand the determinants of CVD risk and evaluate the effectiveness of tailored strategies to mitigate the escalating burden of cardiovascular disease in Africa.
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